17.18 सत्कारमानपूजार्थं तपो दम्भेन चैव यत्।क्रियते तदिह प्रोक्तं राजसं चलमध्रुवम्
satkāra
Word meanings
sat-kāra—respect;māna—honor;pūjā—adoration;artham—for the sake of;tapaḥ—austerity;dambhena—with ostentation;cha—also;eva—certainly;yat—which;kriyate—is performed;tat—that;iha—in this world;proktam—is said;rājasam—in the mode of passion;chalam—flickering;adhruvam—temporary
Verse audio
Divine Verses of the Bhagavad Gita • Swami Dayananda Saraswati
Translation stream
The austerity that is practiced for gaining respect, honor, and reverence, and with sheer show—that is called here [austerity] of the Rajas, and it is unstable and impermanent.
Austerity coupled with hypocrisy or performed for the sake of self-glorification, popularity or vanity, comes from Passion, and its result is always doubtful and temporary.
That austerity, practised with ostentation for the sake of gaining respect, praise and reverence, is here said to be Rajasa. It is unsteady and impermanent.
That austerity which is undertaken for earning a name, being honoured and worshipped, and also ostentatiously,-that is spoken of as born of rajas, belonging to this world, uncertain and transitory.
The austerity which is practised with the object of gaining good reception, honour and worship and with hypocrisy, is here said to be Rajasic, unstable and transitory.
17.20 दातव्यमिति यद्दानं दीयतेऽनुपकारिणे।देशे काले च पात्रे च तद्दानं सात्त्विकं स्मृतम्
dātavyam
Word meanings
dātavyam—worthy of charity;iti—thus;yat—which;dānam—charity;dīyate—is given;anupakāriṇe—to one who cannot give in return;deśhe—in the proper place;kāle—at the proper time;cha—and;pātre—to a worthy person;cha—and;tat—that;dānam—charity;sāttvikam—in the mode of goodness;smṛitam—is stated to be
Verse audio
Divine Verses of the Bhagavad Gita • Swami Dayananda Saraswati
Translation stream
A gift that is given with the thought that 'one must give' and is given in an appropriate place and at the right time to a worthy person who is unable to repay—that gift is considered to be of the Sattva.
The gift which is given without thought of recompense, in the belief that it ought to be made, in a fit place, at an opportune time and to a deserving person - such a gift is Pure.
Gifts given with the feeling, that it is one's own duty to give to one who makes no return, at the proper place and time to the deserving person - that is said to be Sattvika.
That gift is referred to as born of sattva which gift is given with the idea that it ought to be given, to one who will not serve in return, and at the (proper) place, (proper) time and to a (proper) person.
That gift which is given to one who does nothing in return, knowing it to be a duty to give in a fit place and time to a worthy person, that gift is held to be Sattwic.
Verse
श्रद्धात्रयविभागयोग
Chapter 17: Tell Apart the Three Kinds of Faith
śraddhātrayavibhāgayoga
Chapters
Verses
17.19 मूढग्राहेणात्मनो यत्पीडया क्रियते तपः।परस्योत्सादनार्थं वा तत्तामसमुदाहृतम्
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Word meanings
mūḍha—those with confused notions;grāheṇa—with endeavor;ātmanaḥ—one’s own self;yat—which;pīḍayā—torturing;kriyate—is performed;tapaḥ—austerity;parasya—of others;utsādana-artham—for harming;vā—or;tat—that;tāmasam—in the mode of ignorance;udāhṛitam—is described to be
Verse audio
Divine Verses of the Bhagavad Gita • Swami Dayananda Saraswati
Translation stream
What austerity is practised with foolish obstinacy and self-torture only in order to destroy others—that is declared to be of the Tamas.
Austerity done under delusion, and accompanied with sorcery or torture to oneself or another, may be assumed to spring from Ignorance.
That austerity which is practised from deluded notions by means of self-torture or in order to injure another is said to be Tamasika.
That austerity which is undertaken with a foolish intent, by causing pain to oneself, or for the destruction of others-that is said to be born of tamas.
The austerity which is practised out of a foolish notion, with self-torture, or for the purpose of destroying another, is declared to be Tamasic.
