13.20 प्रकृतिं पुरुषं चैव विद्ध्यनादी उभावपि।विकारांश्च गुणांश्चैव विद्धि प्रकृतिसंभवान्
prakṛtiṃ puruṣaṃ ca
Word meanings
prakṛitim—material nature;puruṣham—the individual souls;cha—and;eva—indeed;viddhi—know;anādī—beginningless;ubhau—both;api—and;vikārān—transformations (of the body);cha—also;guṇān—the three modes of nature;cha—and;eva—indeed;viddhi—know;prakṛiti—material energy;sambhavān—produced by
Verse audio
Divine Verses of the Bhagavad Gita • Swami Dayananda Saraswati
Translation stream
Both the Material Cause and the Soul are beginningless; you should know this. You should also know that the modifications and strands are born from the Material Cause.
Know thou further that Nature and God have no beginning; and that differences of character and quality have their origin in Nature only.
Know that both Prakrti and the self (Purusa) are without beginning; know that all modifications and the attributes are born of Prakrti.
Know both Nature and also the individual soul [Prakrti is sometimes translated as matter, and purusa as spirit.-Tr.] to be verily without beginning; know the modifications as also the qualities as born of Nature.
Know thou that Nature and Spirit are beginningless; and know also that all modifications and qualities are born of Nature.
13.22 पुरुषः प्रकृतिस्थो हि भुङ्क्ते प्रकृतिजान्गुणान्।कारणं गुणसङ्गोऽस्य सदसद्योनिजन्मसु
puruṣaḥ prakṛtistho hi bhuṅkte prakṛtijān
Word meanings
puruṣhaḥ—the individual soul;prakṛiti-sthaḥ—seated in the material energy;hi—indeed;bhuṅkte—desires to enjoy;prakṛiti-jān—produced by the material energy;guṇān—the three modes of nature;kāraṇam—the cause;guṇa-saṅgaḥ—the attachment (to three guṇas);asya—of its;sat-asat-yoni—in superior and inferior wombs;janmasu—of birth
Verse audio
Divine Verses of the Bhagavad Gita • Swami Dayananda Saraswati
Translation stream
For, the soul, seated on the material cause, enjoys the strands born of the material cause; His attachment to the strands is the cause of his births in good and evil wombs.
God dwelling in the heart of Nature experiences the Qualities which nature brings forth; and His affinity towards the Qualities is the reason for His living in a good or evil body.
(a) Indeed, the self seated in Prakrti experiences the Gunas born of Prakrti৷৷.
Since the soul is seated in Nature, therefore it experiences the qualities born of Nature. Contact with the qualities is the cause of its births in good and evil wombs.
The soul seated in Nature experiences the qualities born of Nature; attachment to the qualities is the cause of his birth in good and evil wombs.
Verse
क्षेत्र-क्षेत्रज्ञविभागयोग
Chapter 13: The Field and the Knower of the Field
kṣetra-kṣetrajñavibhāgayoga
Chapters
Verses
13.21 कार्यकारणकर्तृत्वे हेतुः प्रकृतिरुच्यते।पुरुषः सुखदुःखानां भोक्तृत्वे हेतुरुच्यते
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Word meanings
kārya—effect;kāraṇa—cause;kartṛitve—in the matter of creation;hetuḥ—the medium;prakṛitiḥ—the material energy;uchyate—is said to be;puruṣhaḥ—the individual soul;sukha-duḥkhānām—of happiness and distress;bhoktṛitve—in experiencing;hetuḥ—is responsible;uchyate—is said to be
Verse audio
Divine Verses of the Bhagavad Gita • Swami Dayananda Saraswati
Translation stream
In creating the process of cause and effect, the material cause is said to be the basis; and in experiencing pleasure and pain, the soul is said to be the basis.
Nature is the Law which generates cause and effect; God is the source of the enjoyment of all pleasure and pain.
The Prakrti is said to be the cause of agency to the body (Karya) and sense-organs (Karana). The self is said to be the cause of experiencing pleasure and pain.
With regard to the source of body and organs, Nature is said to be the cause. The soul is the cause so far as enjoyership of happiness and sorrow is concerned.
In the production of the effect and the cause, Nature (matter) is said to be the cause; in the experience of pleasure and pain, the soul is said to be the cause.
