13.21 कार्यकारणकर्तृत्वे हेतुः प्रकृतिरुच्यते।पुरुषः सुखदुःखानां भोक्तृत्वे हेतुरुच्यते
kārya
Word meanings
kārya—effect;kāraṇa—cause;kartṛitve—in the matter of creation;hetuḥ—the medium;prakṛitiḥ—the material energy;uchyate—is said to be;puruṣhaḥ—the individual soul;sukha-duḥkhānām—of happiness and distress;bhoktṛitve—in experiencing;hetuḥ—is responsible;uchyate—is said to be
Verse audio
Divine Verses of the Bhagavad Gita • Swami Dayananda Saraswati
Translation stream
In creating the process of cause and effect, the material cause is said to be the basis; and in experiencing pleasure and pain, the soul is said to be the basis.
Nature is the Law which generates cause and effect; God is the source of the enjoyment of all pleasure and pain.
The Prakrti is said to be the cause of agency to the body (Karya) and sense-organs (Karana). The self is said to be the cause of experiencing pleasure and pain.
With regard to the source of body and organs, Nature is said to be the cause. The soul is the cause so far as enjoyership of happiness and sorrow is concerned.
In the production of the effect and the cause, Nature (matter) is said to be the cause; in the experience of pleasure and pain, the soul is said to be the cause.
13.23 उपद्रष्टाऽनुमन्ता च भर्ता भोक्ता महेश्वरः।परमात्मेति चाप्युक्तो देहेऽस्मिन्पुरुषः परः
upadraṣṭ
Word meanings
upadraṣhṭā—the Witness;anumantā—the Permitter;cha—and;bhartā—the Supporter;bhoktā—the Transcendental Enjoyer;mahā-īśhvaraḥ—the ultimate Controller;parama-ātmā—Superme Soul;iti—that;cha api—and also;uktaḥ—is said;dehe—within the body;asmin—this;puruṣhaḥ paraḥ—the Supreme Lord
Verse audio
Divine Verses of the Bhagavad Gita • Swami Dayananda Saraswati
Translation stream
The Supreme Soul in this corporeal body is called the Spectator, the Assenter, the Supporter, the Experiencer, the Mighty Lord, and also the Supreme Self.
Thus in the body of man dwells the Supreme God; He who sees and permits, upholds and enjoys, the Highest God and the Highest Self.
The self in the body is called spectator, approver, supporter, experiencer, the great lord and also the supreme self in the body.
He who is the Witness, the Permitter, the Sustainer, the Experiencer, the great Lord, and who is also spoken of as the transcendental Self is the supreme Person in this body.
The Supreme Soul in this body is also called the spectator, the permitter, the supporter, the enjoyer, the great Lord and the Supreme Self.
Verse
क्षेत्र-क्षेत्रज्ञविभागयोग
Chapter 13: The Field and the Knower of the Field
kṣetra-kṣetrajñavibhāgayoga
Chapters
Verses
13.22 पुरुषः प्रकृतिस्थो हि भुङ्क्ते प्रकृतिजान्गुणान्।कारणं गुणसङ्गोऽस्य सदसद्योनिजन्मसु
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Word meanings
puruṣhaḥ—the individual soul;prakṛiti-sthaḥ—seated in the material energy;hi—indeed;bhuṅkte—desires to enjoy;prakṛiti-jān—produced by the material energy;guṇān—the three modes of nature;kāraṇam—the cause;guṇa-saṅgaḥ—the attachment (to three guṇas);asya—of its;sat-asat-yoni—in superior and inferior wombs;janmasu—of birth
Verse audio
Divine Verses of the Bhagavad Gita • Swami Dayananda Saraswati
Translation stream
For, the soul, seated on the material cause, enjoys the strands born of the material cause; His attachment to the strands is the cause of his births in good and evil wombs.
God dwelling in the heart of Nature experiences the Qualities which nature brings forth; and His affinity towards the Qualities is the reason for His living in a good or evil body.
(a) Indeed, the self seated in Prakrti experiences the Gunas born of Prakrti৷৷.
Since the soul is seated in Nature, therefore it experiences the qualities born of Nature. Contact with the qualities is the cause of its births in good and evil wombs.
The soul seated in Nature experiences the qualities born of Nature; attachment to the qualities is the cause of his birth in good and evil wombs.
