18.28 अयुक्तः प्राकृतः स्तब्धः शठो नैष्कृतिकोऽलसः।विषादी दीर्घसूत्री च कर्ता तामस उच्यते
ayuktaḥ prākṛtaḥ stabdhaḥ śaṭho naiṣkṛtik
Word meanings
ayuktaḥ—undisciplined;prākṛitaḥ—vulgar;stabdhaḥ—obstinate;śhaṭhaḥ—cunning;naiṣhkṛitikaḥ—dishonest or vile;alasaḥ—slothful;viṣhādī—unhappy and morose;dīrgha-sūtrī—procrastinating;cha—and;kartā—performer;tāmasaḥ—in the mode of ignorance;uchyate—is said to be
Verse audio
Divine Verses of the Bhagavad Gita • Swami Dayananda Saraswati
Translation stream
The agent who does not exert is vulgar, obstinate, and deceitful; they are a man of wickedness and are lazy, sorrowful, and procrastinating—such an agent is said to be of the Tamas strand.
While he whose purpose is infirm, who is low-minded, stubborn, dishonest, malicious, indolent, despondent, procrastinating - he may be assumed to be in Darkness.
That doer is said to be Tamasika who is unqualified, unrefined, stubborn, depraved, dishonest, indolent, despondent and dilatory.
The agent who is unsteady, naive, unbending, deceitful, wicked, [A variant reading is naikrtikah.-Tr.] lazy, morose and procrastinating is said to be possessed of tamas.
Unsteady, dejected, unbending, cheating, malicious, vulgar, lazy and proscrastinating–such an agent is called Tamasic.
18.30 प्रवृत्तिं च निवृत्तिं च कार्याकार्ये भयाभये।बन्धं मोक्षं च या वेत्ति बुद्धिः सा पार्थ सात्त्विकी
pravṛttiṃ ca nivṛttiṃ ca kāry
Word meanings
pravṛittim—activities;cha—and;nivṛittim—renuncation from action;cha—and;kārya—proper action;akārye—improper action;bhaya—fear;abhaye—without fear;bandham—what is binding;mokṣham—what is liberating;cha—and;yā—which;vetti—understands;buddhiḥ—intellect;sā—that;pārtha—son of Pritha;sāttvikī—in the nature of goodness
Verse audio
Divine Verses of the Bhagavad Gita • Swami Dayananda Saraswati
Translation stream
The intellect which knows the activity and the cessation from activity, the proper and improper actions, the fear and non-fear, and the bondage and emancipation—that intellect is considered to be of the Sattva (Strand).
That intellect which understands the creation and dissolution of life, what actions should be done and what not, which discriminates between fear and fearlessness, bondage and deliverance, that is Pure.
That Buddhi, O Arjuna, which knows activity and renunciation, what ought to be done and what ought not to be done, fear and fearlessness, bondage and release - that (Buddhi) is Sattvika.
O Partha, that intellect is born of sattva which understands action and withdrawal, duty and what is not duty, the sources of fear and fearlessness, and bondage and freedom.
That which knows the path of work and renunciation, what ought to be done and what ought not to be done, fear and fearlessness, bondage and liberation–that intellect is Sattwic, O Arjuna!
Verse
मोक्षसंन्यासयोग
Chapter 18: Free Yourself Through Renunciation
mokṣasaṃnyāsayoga
Chapters
Verses
18.29 बुद्धेर्भेदं धृतेश्चैव गुणतस्त्रिविधं श्रृणु।प्रोच्यमानमशेषेण पृथक्त्वेन धनञ्जय
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Word meanings
buddheḥ—of intellect;bhedam—the distinctions;dhṛiteḥ—of determination;cha—and;eva—certainly;guṇataḥ tri-vidham—according to the three modes of material nature;śhṛiṇu—hear;prochyamānam—described;aśheṣheṇa—in detail;pṛithaktvena—distinctly;dhanañjaya—conqueror of wealth, Arjun
Verse audio
Divine Verses of the Bhagavad Gita • Swami Dayananda Saraswati
Translation stream
You must listen to Me as I expound the three-fold division of the intellect and content, both completely and individually, based on the Strands, O Dhananjaya!
Reason and conviction are threefold, according to the Quality which is dominant. I will explain them fully and severally, O Arjuna!
Hear now, the threefold division of Buddhi (reason) and Dhrti (fortitude), O Arjuna, according to the Gunas, fully and severally to be set forth.
O Dhananjaya, listen to the classification of the intellect as also of fortitude, which is threefold according to the gunas, while it is being stated elaborately and severally.
Hear thou the threefold division of the intellect and firmness according to the Gunas, as I declare them fully and distinctly, O Arjuna!
